Wellness, self efficacy and behavioural changes

Authors

  • Peter R. Rehor Camosun College, British Columbia, Canada
  • Milada Krejčí College of PE and Sport PALESTRA

Keywords:

stages of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance, exercise behaviour

Abstract

Based on the Trans theoretical Model of Behaviour Change, a better understanding of the determinants of exercise behaviour is beginning to emerge.  In this study exercise behaviour was examined to determine its association with self-efficacy and decisional making.  One hundred seventy four freshman college students answered three questionnaires to assess their stage of exercise behaviour, self-efficacy and decisional balance (i.e., pros and cons).  Frequency counts were used to determine the distribution of freshman students among the stages of adoption. Stage of exercise adoption was the independent variable, and self-efficacy and decisional balance were the dependent variables in the analysis.   Analysis of variance showed that self-efficacy and decision-making were able to significantly differentiate one's stage of exercise change.  Understanding the states of exercise behaviour change may yield important information for designing physical education curriculum that would enhance exercise adoption and adherence. 

References

Allen, M. J., & Yen, W. M. (1979). Introduction to measurement theory. Monterey, CA: Brook/Cole.

American College of Sports Medicine. (1995). ACSM S Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (5th ed.). Baltimore, MD: Williams & Williams.

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychology Review, 215.

Blair, S. N., Kohl, H. W., Barlow, C. E., & Gibbons, L. W. (1991). Physical fitness and all-cause mortality in hypertensive men. Annals of Medicine, 23, 307-312.

Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (rev. ed.). New York: Academic Press.

DiClemente C. C., Prochaska, J. O., & Gibertini, M. (1985). Self-efficacy and the stages of self-change of smoking. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 9(2), 181-200.

Dishman, R. K. (1994). The measurement conundrum in exercise adherence research. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 1382-1390.

Janis, I. L., & Mann, L. (1977). Decision Making: A psychological analysis of conflict, choice and commitment. New York, NY: Free Press.

Katz, S., Branch, L. G., Branson, M. H., Papsidero, J. A., Beck, J. C., & Greer, D. S. (1983). Active life expectancy. New England Journal of Medicine, 309, 1218-1224.

King, A. C., Taylor, C. B., Haskell, W. B., & DeBusk, R. F. (1989). Influence of regular aerobic exercise on psychological health: A randomized controlled trial of healthy middle-aged adults. Health Psychology, 8, 305-324.

Krejčí, M. (2013) Self-transformation process in wellness and health education. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(3) 706-719 ISSN 2146-7358.

Krejčí, M. (2011) Výchova ke zdraví – strategie výuky duševní hygieny ve škole/Health Education -Strategies of mental hygiene teaching at school. České Budějovice: Jihočeská univerzita.

Krejčí, M. (1993) Positive influences of yoga exercises for the adolescents. In: Medicine and Mind, 1994, VIII, 2-IX, p. 143-153.

LaPorte, R. E., Adams, L. A., Savage, D. D., Brenes, G., Dearwater, S., & Cook, T. (1984). The spectrum of physical activity, cardiovascular disease and health: An epidemiologic perspective. American Journal of Epidemiology, 120, 507-517.

Maheshwarananda, P. S. (2001) Yoga in daily Life – The System. Wien: University Verlag.

Marcus, B. H., Banspach, S. W., Lefebvre, R. L., Rossi, J. S., Carleton, R. A., & Abrams, D. B. (1992). Using the stages of change model to increase the adoption of physical activity among community participants. American Journal of Health Promotion, 6, 424-429.

Marcus, B. H., Eaton, C. A., Rossi, J. S., & Harlow, L. L. (1994). Self-efficacy, decision-making and stages of change: A model of physical exercise. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 6, 489-508.

Marcus, B. H., & Owen, N. (1992). Motivational readiness, self-efficacy and decision-making for exercise. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22, 3-16.

Marcus, B. H., Rakowski, W., & Rossi, J. S. (1992). Assessing motivational readiness and decision-making for exercise. Health Psychology, 11(4), 257-261.

Marcus, B. H., Rossi J. S., Selby, V. C., & Niaura, R. S., & Abrams, D. B. (1992). The stages and processes of exercise adoption and maintenance in a worksite sample. Health Psychology, 11, 257-261.

Marcus, B. H., Selby, V. C., Niaura, R. S., & Rossi, J. S. (1992). Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behavior change. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 63(1), 60-66.

Marcus, B. H., & Simkin, L. R. (1993). The stages of exercise behavior. Journal of Sports, Medicine and Physical Fitness, 33(1), 83-88.

Martinsen, E. W. (1990). Benefits of exercise for the treatment of depression. Sports Medicine, 9(6), 380-389.

McAuley, E. (1992). The role of efficacy cognitions in the prediction of exercise behavior in middle-aged adults. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(1), 65-68.

McAuley, E., Courneya, K. S., Rudolph, D. L., & Lox, C. L. (1994). Enhancing exercise adherence in middle-aged males and females. Preventive Medicine, 23(4) 498-506.

McAuley, E., & Jacobson, L. (1991). Self-efficacy and exercise participation in sedentary adult females. American Journal of Health Promotion, 5, 185-191.

O'Connell, D., & Velicer, W. F. (1988). A decisional balance measure and the stages of change model for weight loss. International Journal of the Addictions, 23(7), 729-50.

Powell, K. E., Thompson, P. D., Casperson, C. J., & Kendrick, J. S. (1987). Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Annual Review of Public Health, 8, 253-287.

Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and Processes of self-change in smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390-395.

Prochaska, J. O., Velicer, W. F., Rossi, J. S., Goldstein, M. G., Marucs, B. H., Rakowski, W., Fiore, C., Harlow, L. L., Redding, C. A., Rosenbloom, D., & Rossi, S. R. (1994). Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors. Health Psychology, 13, 39-46.

Prochaska, J. O., Velicer, W. F., DiClemente, C. C., & Fava, J. (1988). Measuring processes of change: Application to the cessation of smoking. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 520-528.

Sallis J. F., Pinski, R. B., Grossman, R. M., Patterson, T. L. & Nader, P. R. (1988). The development of self-efficacy scales for health related diet and exercise behaviors. Health Education Research, 3(3), 283-292.

Satterthwaite, F. E. (1946). Biomedicine Bulletin, 2, 110.

Stretcher, V. J., DeVellis, B. M., Becker, M. H., & Rosenstock, I. M. (1986). The role of self-efficacy in achieving health behavior change. Health Education Quarterly, 13, 73-91.

Williams, L. R., Ekers, M. A., Collins, P. S. & Lee, J. F. (1991). Vascular rehabilitation: benefits of a structured exercise/risk modification program. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 14 (3), 320-326.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1991). Healthy People 2000. National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1996). Healthy People 2000. Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions. London, England: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

WHO (2000) World health report 2000. Health Systems: Improving Performance. Geneva: WHO. Available on:

http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/about/HPRGlossary_NewTerms.pdf

Downloads

Published

10-09-2015

How to Cite

Rehor, P. R., & Krejčí, M. (2015). Wellness, self efficacy and behavioural changes. Acta Salus Vitae, 3(1). Retrieved from https://odborne.casopisy.palestra.cz/index.php/actasalusvitae/article/view/85

Issue

Section

Articles